Countries that have managed to achieve a high level of well-being have demonstrated stable high rates of economic growth for a long time: this state of the economy is called sustainable development. The book focuses on how some countries have managed to achieve high levels of prosperity, while others have consistently failed. Content Conditions for sustainable development īeginning with a description of Nogales, Arizona, and Nogales, Sonora, the authors question the reasons for the dramatic difference in living standards on either side of the wall separating the two cities. And in the 2001 article they showed how mortality among European settlers in the colonies influenced the establishment of institutions and the future development of these territories. For example, in a 2002 article, they showed through statistical analysis that institutional factors dominate culture and geography in determining the GDP per capita of different countries. Simon Johnson co-authored many of Acemoglu and Robinson's works, but did not participate in the work on the book. They most harshly criticized geographical theory as "unable to explain not only global inequality in general", but also the fact that many countries have been in stagnation for a long time, and then at a certain point in time began a rapid economic growth, although their geographical position did not change. The authors enter into an indirect polemical dispute with the authors of other theories explaining global inequality: the authors of the interpretations of the geographical theory Jeffrey Sachs and Jared Diamond, representatives of the theory of ignorance of the elites Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo, Martin Lipset and his modernization theory, as well as with various types of cultural theories: the theory of David Landes about the special cultural structure of the inhabitants of Northern Europe, the theory of David Fischer about the positive influence of British culture, with the theory of Max Weber about the influence of Protestant ethic on economic development. An earlier book by the authors, "The Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy," is devoted to the same, but it did not contain a large number of various historical examples. The central idea of many of the authors' works is the defining role of institutions in the achievement of a high level of welfare by countries. It contains an interpretation of the history of various countries, both extinct and modern, from the standpoint of a new institutional school. The book is the result of a synthesis of many years of research by Daron Acemoglu on the theory of economic growth and James Robinson on the economies of Africa and Latin America, as well as research by many other authors. 3.2 How democracy affects economic performance.2.3 Analysis of the economic development of different countries.2.2 Contrasting two types of institutions.2.1 Conditions for sustainable development.
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